The IRCM is an active participant in efforts to cure cancer, the second most frequent cause of death in the western world and the leading cause of death in Québec. Research on cancer is complex, because over 100 different diseases that affect various organs and systems come under the broad heading of “cancer.” As the different forms of cancer share similar characteristics, it makes sense to study them together.

Twenty years of intense basic and applied research have contributed greatly to the broad knowledge base we have today about the mechanisms and causes of malignant transformation of cells. Research has also demonstrated how complex those processes are, and recently identified therapeutic avenues have been useful in the design of more rational and customized therapies. Substantial progress has been made, and we can now cure a high proportion of cancers, nearly all of which were fatal less than 40 years ago. The battle is far from won, however. Despite all this progress, many forms of cancer continue to ravage our society. Most of the available therapies pose problems (side effects, undesirable reactions, etc.) that adversely affect cancer patients’ quality of life. Much work is still needed in this field.

Cancer research at the IRCM is currently focused on understanding the cell components and signalling pathways that control the abnormal proliferation of cancer cells, cell migration and metastasis. Researchers from this research program are also working on cell polarity and angiogenesis. All the studies currently underway are looking at malignant transformation and tumour growth, as well as the genetic bases for predisposition to cancer.

The Institute intends to substantially develop its activities in fundamental and clinical research on cancer by studying the molecular, cellular and pathologic mechanisms of cancer development. This work may lead to new therapies that will improve patients’ quality of life and survival rates.